You will examine the role of numeracy skills in school mathematics and the scientific evidence that shows that individual differences in numeracy are related to math learning and performance throughout the life span. The seminar leader will discuss numeracy in the context of additional cognitive skills that support math learning-such as working memory and language related skills-as well as social and environmental influences on mathematics achievement. She will describe the characteristics of school-age children who have mathematical learning difficulties, particularly those who are appropriate targets of assessment, instruction, or intervention and prevention measures. The seminar leader will conclude with a review of the research on interventions, including a discussion of resources available to guide education planning for students experiencing mathematics difficulties, and the role teachers can play in supporting students' mathematics learning.